Pain that starts in the lower back and shoots down one leg is called sciatica. The most common reason is a slipped or bulging disc in the lower spine pressing on a nerve root.
The good news
Most patients with a slip disc get better with non-surgical treatment over a few weeks. The body can gradually shrink the bulging part of the disc, and the nerve settles once inflammation reduces.
Non-surgical treatment usually includes
- Medicines to calm pain and nerve inflammation
- Relative rest: avoid lifting and long sitting, but do not stay in bed for days
- Physiotherapy: traction, electrotherapy, nerve mobility and core strengthening
- Posture correction at work, while driving and while sleeping
Signs that need urgent care
- Weakness in the foot or leg, such as difficulty standing on toes or heels
- Numbness around the groin or private parts
- Difficulty passing or holding urine
If you notice any of these, see a doctor the same day. In such cases, or when pain does not improve despite proper treatment, surgery may be the right choice.
Preventing it from coming back
Keep your core muscles strong, bend with your knees when lifting, take breaks from sitting every 30 to 45 minutes, and keep a healthy weight.